# election

date: 1972-11-25
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealand_general_election,_1972
data_source: yb-nzl
comment:
The sources are inconsistent in the number of seats. The official yearbook 1974 notifies 53 seats for Labour Party and 34 seats for National Party. The following yearbooks and Nohlen 2001 notifies the stated distribution.


date: 2007-01-01
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament_election,_2007_(Romania)
comment:
Elections took only place later in 2007. Results reflect the initial composition of Romanian MEPs, based on the party composition of the Camera Deputaţilor.


date: 1953-02-22
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_legislative_election,_1953
data_source: bmi, yb-aut
description:
Early election on 22 February 1953.
Parliament was dissolved on 1 March 1953 after the end of the Raab I cabinet.


date: 1995-01-01
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament_election,_2009_%28Austria%29
data_source: mep
comment:
Elections took only place in 1996. Results reflect the initial composition of Austrian MEPs, based on the party composition of the Nationalrat.


date: 1991-10-13
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarian_parliamentary_election,_1991
data_source: essex
description:
Election on 13 October 1991.
Parliament was dissolved on 8 September 1994 after the end of the Berov cabinet.


date: 1986-01-01
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament_election,_1987_(Spain)
comment:
Elections took only place in 1987. Results reflect the initial composition of Spanish MEPs, based on the party composition of the Congress of Deputies.


date: 1974-10-10
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_1974
description:
Early election on 10 October 1974.
Parliament was dissolved after Labour minority government and PM Wilson called for an early election in the hope to gain a parliamentary majority.


date: 1995-01-01
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament_election,_1995_(Sweden)
comment:
Elections took only place later in 1995. Results reflect the initial composition of Swedish MEPs, based on the party composition of the Riksdag.


date: 1994-10-09
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_legislative_election,_1994
data_source: bmi, parline
description:
Election on 9 October 1994. 
Parliament was dissolved on 13 October 1995 after the end of the Vranitzky IV cabinet.


date: 1949-10-09
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_legislative_election,_1949
data_source: bmi, yb-aut
description:
Election on 9 October 1949.
Parliament was dissolved on 30 October 1953 after the end of the Figl III cabinet.


date: 1946-11-10
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_legislative_election,_November_1946
data_source: mackie
description:
New election on 10 November 1946 for second constituent assembly.
Seats total excludes 75 seats from overseas territories.


date: 2009-09-27
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_federal_election,_2009
data_source: bwl
comment:
Total seats change to 621 on 3 March 2011 (Christian Social Union [CSU] seat ) and to 620 on 27 May (Christian Democrats [CDU]) after losing surplus seats following MP resignations.


date: 1951-10-25
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_1951
description:
Early election on 25 October 1951.
Parliament was dissolved because Labour called the election in the hope of increasing their five seat majority.


date: 1994-03-27
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_general_election,_1994
data_source: archivio, reuters
description:
President Scalfaro dissolved parliament on 16 February 1996 after the fall of the Dini cabinet and failed attempts to form a new cabinet.


date: 1989-06-18
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_legislative_election,_1989
data_source: parline
comment:
The first polish election after the breakdown of the communism had a special (semi-free or semi-democratic) character. The coding of this election will therefore absorb some more time.


date: 2005-09-25
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_parliamentary_election,_2005
data_source: pkw
description:
Parliament decided to dissolve on 7 September 2007 (377 to 54 vote) following the collapse of the Kaczynski government.


date: 1995-01-01
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament_election,_1999
comment:
Elections took only place in 1996. Results reflect the initial composition of Finish MEPs, based on the party composition of the Eduskunta.


date: 2006-10-01
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_legislative_election,_2006
data_source: bmi, yb-aut
description:
Early election on 1 October 2006.
Parliament was dissolved after the end of the Gusenbauer cabinet.


date: 1978-11-25
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealand_general_election,_1978
data_source: wilson, yb-nzl
comment:
"There was considerable duplication of electors enrolled. 360870 deletions were made in 1979/80. This would reduce the number enrolled to 2126724 and increase percentage of those voting to 79.86." (Wilson 1985)


date: 1991-10-27
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_parliamentary_election,_1991
data_source: pkw
comment:
KLD and PPG created a parliamentary group named Polski Program Liberalny (Polish Liberal Program) on 6 November 1992.


date: 1964-10-15
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_1964
description:
Parliament was dissolved on 10 March 1966 after Labour called an early election to increase its four seats majority.


date: 1986-11-23
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_legislative_election,_1986
data_source: bmi, yb-aut
description:
Early election on 23 November 1986.
Parliament was dissolved on 5 July 1990 and a slightly earlier election date was set.


date: 1979-05-03
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_1979
description:
Early Election on 3 May 1979.
Elections followed a lost vote of confidence of the Labor Government.


date: 1981-01-01
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament_election,_1981_(Greece)
data_source: mep
comment:
Elections took only later in 1981. Results reflect the initial composition of Greek MEPs, based on the party composition of the Hellenic Parliament.


date: 1978-06-25
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icelandic_parliamentary_election,_1978
data_source: gud97, hagstofa
description:
Election on 25 September 1978.
Parliament was dissolved after the end of the Johannesson II cabinet.


date: 1989-06-18
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament_election,_1989_(Italy)
data_source: archivio
comment:
La Lega Lombarda - Alleanza Nord was an electoral alliance of six minor regionalist parties (comprising Lega Lombarda, Lega Veneta, Piemont Autonomista, Uniun Ligure, Lega Emiliano-Romagnola and Alleanza Toscana) situated in the north of Italy. For the results it is coded with the Party-ID of Lega Lombarda.


date: 1980-10-05
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_legislative_election,_1980
data_source: cne
comment:
PSD and PS gained seats through membership in electoral alliances and by running separately in the constituencies of Azores and Madeira

possible error in the primary source due to the valid votes


date: 1990-04-08
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_1990
data_source: no-2010
comment: Inconsistencies with Mackie/Rose (1991/97).
description:
Early election on 8 April.
Parliament was dissolved on 9 September 1993 following the resignation of Mitsotakis cabinet.


date: 1951-06-17
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_legislative_election,_1951
data_source: asn, mackie
description:
Election on 17 June 1951 under a new PR system with alliance bonus.
Seats total excludes 83 seats from overseas territories.


date: 1986-01-01
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament_election,_1987_(Portugal)
comment:
Elections took only place in 1987. Results reflect the initial composition of Portuguese MEPs, based on the party composition of the Assembly of the Republic.


date: 1972-12-10
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_general_election,_1972
data_source: parline
comment:
"Distribution of seats by party on the day of convocation of the 71st special session
taking into account the post-election change of party affiliation of 15 members." (Parline)


date: 1946-06-02
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_legislative_election,_June_1946
data_source: mackie
description:
New election on 2 June 1946 for constituent assembly.
Seats total excludes Algeria and the overseas territories.


date: 1999-10-10
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament_election,_1999_(Portugal)
data_source: cne, ejpr
comment:
the number of votes for parties differ significantly between Comissão Nacional de Eleições and Parline


date: 1994-12-18
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarian_parliamentary_election,_1994
data_source: essex
description:
Early election on 18 December 1994.
Parliament was dissolved on 19 February 1997 and an earlier election date was called.


date: 2002-11-24
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_legislative_election,_2002
data_source: bmi, parline, yb-aut
description:
Early election on 24 November 2002.
Parliament was dissolved on 14 July 2006 and a slightly earlier election date was set. 


date: 1970-03-01
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_legislative_election,_1970
data_source: bmi, parline, yb-aut
comment: Official results include a by-election on 4 October 1970.
description:
Election on 1 March 1970.
Parliament was dissolved on 14 July 1971 after the end of the Kreisky I cabinet.


date: 1974-03-10
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgian_general_election,_1974
data_source: ibz
comment:
Although the two successor parties of the PSB-BSP (Parti socialiste belge-Belgische Socialistische Partij) were founded in 1978, the IBZ data differentiates between the Flemish and the Wallonian part for the 1977 election results without further specification. Since all other sources (Nohlen, Mackie/Rose, Cevipol) stand in contrast with this, the PSB-BSP is coded as one party.


date: 2009-06-04
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament_election,_2009_(United_Kingdom)
data_source: ejpr
comment:
The results for Northern Ireland were added, although a different voting system was used (STV). For the votes of parties in Northern Ireland, the first preferences were used.


date: 1969-09-28
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_German_federal_election,_1969
data_source: bwl, dhbt
description:
Brandt lost his parliamentary majority but the opposition could not replace him in a constructive vote of no confidence. As a consequence, there was a cabinet without a majority but no new chancellor could be elected. Parliament was dissolved by President Heinemann on 22 September 1972 and snap elections were called (Schindler 1999, 1241).


date: 2007-01-01
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament_election,_2007_(Bulgaria)
comment:
Elections took only place later in 2007. Results reflect the initial composition of Bulgarian MEPs, based on the party composition of the  National Assembly.


date: 1979-05-06
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_legislative_election,_1979
data_source: bmi, parline, yb-aut
description:
Early election on 6 May 1979.
Parliament was dissolved on 21 February 1983 and a slightly earlier election date was set.


date: 1983-04-24
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_legislative_election,_1983
data_source: bmi, parline, yb-aut
description:
Early election on 24 April 1983.
Parliament was dissolved on 23 September 1986 after the end of the Vranitzky I cabinet.


date: 2007-09-16
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_2007
data_source: ana, mig, reuters
description:
On 3 September 2009 PM Kostas Karamanlis asked President Karolos Papoulias to dissolve parliament. President Papoulias dissolved parliament on 7 Septmeber and called an election for 4 October.


date: 1997-06-01
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_legislative_election,_1997
data_source: asn
description: Early election on 25 May 1997.
comment:
Official data inconsistent: Valid votes sum up to 25629277.
Number of valid votes based on interim results provided by the Assemblée nationale.


date: 1983-03-06
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_German_federal_election,_1983
data_source: bwl
comment:
Kohl had previously become Chancellor by winning a constructive vote of no confidence. However, he wanted to seek a new electoral mandate. Early elections were called after Kohl lost a faked vote of no confidence.


date: 1999-10-03
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_legislative_election,_1999
data_source: bmi, parline, yb-aut
description:
Election on 3 October 1999.
Parliament was dissolved on 22 September 2002 after the end of the Schuessel I cabinet.


date: 1962-11-18
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_legislative_election,_1962
data_source: bmi, yb-aut
description:
Early election on 18 November 1962.
Parliament was dissolved after the end of the Klaus II cabinet. 


date: 2001-05-13
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_general_election,_2001
data_source: mdi
comment:
The official results don't allow to distinguish seats for parties in the single member district elections, so these information are from Wikipedia.


date: 2008-03-09
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_general_election,_2008
data_source: afp, epp
description:
Early elections were announced on 29 July 2011 and parliament was dissolved on 26 September following an economic crisis.


date: 2010-09-19
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_general_election,_2010
data_source: val
comment:
Centre-right (The Alliance: M, FP, Cp, KD) and centre-left (Red-Greens: SAP, MP, V) parties formed pre-electoral coalitions.


date: 2008-09-21
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovenian_parliamentary_election,_2008
data_source: sta, voltive
description:
President Tuerk dissolved parliament on 21 October 2011 after PM Pahor lost a confidence vote the previous day.


date: 1980-10-05
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_German_federal_election,_1980
data_source: bwl, dhbt
description:
Parliament was dissolved on 6 January 1983 by President Carstens (Schindler 1999, 1246) after Kohl initiated a confidence vote to dissolve parliament.


date: 1996-04-21
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_general_election,_1996
data_source: archivio
comment:
Alliances were mainly formed for the plurality single member district voting part of the elections. For proportional voting, parties competed outside their electoral alliances. Alliances that formed for plurality voting were The Prodi-List (POP SVP PRI UD PRODI), CCD-CDU and The Dini-List.


date: 1951-07-03
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_parliamentary_election,_1951
data_source: idea, nyt, tila
description:
President Paasikivi dissolved parliament on 8 December 1953 following a prolonged cabinet crisis (NYT).


date: 2006-11-22
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_general_election,_2006
data_source: verk
description:
Early election on 22 November 2006.
Parliament was dissolved after the end of the Balkenende IV cabinet.


date: 1958-07-07
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_parliamentary_election,_1958
data_source: idea, nyt, tila
description:
President Kekkonen dissolved parliament on 14 November 1961 because of a foreign policy crisis (NYT).


date: 1986-03-16
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_legislative_election,_1986
data_source: no-2010
comment: Seats total excludes 20 seats from overseas territories.
description:
Election on 16 March 1986 under new PR system.
Parliament was dissolved on 14 May 1986 after reelection of President Mitterrand.


date: 1988-06-12
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_legislative_election,_1988
data_source: no-2010
comment: Seats total excludes 20 seats from overseas territories.
description:
Early election on 5 and 12 June 1988 under new (previously used) SMD majority-plurality electoral system.


date: 1949-06-26
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgian_general_election,_1949
data_source: ibz
description:
Election on 26 June 1949. First election with full women suffrage. Number of seats in parliament increased to 212.


date: 2009-10-04
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_2009
data_source: mig
comment:
The EJPR source indicated that the official number of 9.933.385 voters is unrealistic and estimated 8.500.000 electors.


date: 1955-05-26
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_1955
description:
Early election on 26 May 1955.
Parliament was dissolved after Churchill resigned as PM and successor Eden called for new elections.


date: 2010-10-02
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvian_parliamentary_election,_2010
data_source: cvk, parline
description:
President Zatlers dissolved parliament on 28 May 2011 following a corruption scandal. The dissolution was approved in a mandatory referendum on 23 July.

comment:
Vote shares differ in comparison to results provided by Central Election Commission Latvia (cvk). We use the number of valid votes (944 841) to calculate the vote share and not the number of votes cast (965 538).


date: 1955-02-27
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_general_election,_1955
data_source: mackie, no-2001
description: Parliament was dissolved on 25 April 1958.
comment:
The election results differ in comparison to Nohlen ea. 2001. Mackie/Rose is used for all data, except the total numer of seats (Nohlen ea. 2001).


date: 1952-10-01
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_general_election,_1952
data_source: mackie
description: Parliament was dissolved on 14 March 1953.
comment:
Election results differ between Mackie/Rose (1991) and Nohlen ea. (2001).
Sum of votes for all parties exceeds total number of votes reported in Mackie/Rose (1991).


date: 1946-04-10
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_general_election,_1946
data_source: no-2001
comment:
In this election voters were entitled to one, two or three votes, depending on the size of their constintuency. Here, the number of votes cast means ballots cast. The total number of valid votes is 55,448,879.


date: 1901-03-30
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_federal_election,_1901
data_source: barber, hug-68
comment:
Total votes and total valid votes include only New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland and Western Australia.
South Australia and Tasmanian are multi-member constituencies and are not included.


date: 2011-10-09
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_parliamentary_election,_2011
data_source: pkw
comment:
MPs from the Law and Justice Party (PiS) formed the Solidarity Poland Party (SP) on 7 November 2011. SP does not meet ParlGov inclusion criterias and is therefore not included. 


date: 1939-10-29
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_federal_election,_1939
data_source: bafs
description: Election on 29 October 1939. 57 seats were won uncontested.
comment:
cantons with uncontested seats: Lucerne, Schwyz, Zug, Solothurn, Appenzell-Ausserrhoden, Ticino, Vaud, Valais and Neuchatel


date: 2011-12-04
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovenian_parliamentary_election,_2011
data_source: voltive
description:
Early election on 4 December 2011 after the fall of the Pahor cabinet.
Parliament was dissolved on 1 June 2014.


date: 2012-10-14
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuanian_parliamentary_election,_2012
data_source: vrk
description: Election on 14 Oktober 2012 and constituent session on 16 November.
comment:
The Central Electoral Commission nullified the result of the single-member election in the constituency Biržai-Kupiškis because of violations against the law. Due to the invalid result the candidate was not elected.


date: 2012-12-09
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanian_legislative_election,_2012
data_source: bec
comment:
The seats (json) of parties in alliances based on the candidate list of the Central Election Bureau (12. Lista candidaţilor care au primit mandat de deputat grupaţi pe circumscripţii electorale şi colegii uninominale).


date: 2007-07-22
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_general_election,_2007
data_source: tuik
description:
Early election on 22 July 2007 preceding the presidential election and originally planned for November 2007.


date: 2002-11-03
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_general_election,_2002
data_source: tuik
description:
Early election on 11 November 2002 after a high number of resignations from PM Ecevit's Democratic Left Party (DSP).


date: 1983-11-06
wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_general_election,_1983
data_source: tuik
description: Election on 6 November 1983. First election after a military coup in 1980.
comment:
Candidates with no party affiliation won 195,588 votes (1.1%). Not recorded following ParlGov election coding rules.


date: 1923-12-06
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_1923
data_source: bef-7
description:
Early Election on 6 December 1923.
Parliament was dissolved after Bonar Law resigned as PM and successor Baldwin called for new elections after six weeks.


date: 1924-10-29
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_1924
data_source: bef-7
description:
Early Election on 29 October 1924.
Parliament was dissolved after the Labour Government resigned and called for new elections.


date: 1931-10-27
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_1931
data_source: bef-7
description:
Early election on 27 October 1931.
Parliament was dissolved after Labor Government resigned in favour of an National Government under MacDonald, who called for elections after six weeks.


date: 1925-03-01
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxembourg_general_election,_1925
data_source: no-2010
comment:
The percentage of votes is not related to the number of valid votes, as voters could cast more votes in some constituencies than others, and is instead calculated based on the proportion of votes received in each constituency (Nohlen/Stöver 2010: 1254).


date: 1937-06-06
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxembourg_general_election,_1937
data_source: no-2010
comment:
The percentage of votes is not related to the number of votes in the table, as voters could cast more votes in some constituencies than others, and is instead calculated based on the proportion of votes received in each constituency (Nohlen/Stöver 2010: 1254).


date: 2015-11-08
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatian_parliamentary_election,_2015
data_source: ejpr
comment:
Votes are given on the alliance level as votes cast for each alliance party do not add up to the total  votes cast for an alliance. Some voters did not indicate their preferential vote, but just voted for the whole alliance.


date: 1919-01-19
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_federal_election,_1919
data_source: wid
comment:
Results represent the votes cast in the German territory before the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles.


date: 1920-06-06
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_federal_election,_1920
data_source: wid
comment:
Main election on 6 June 1920, with postponed elections in East Prussia and Schleswig-Holstein on 20 February 1921 and on 19 November 1922 in Oppeln.
Some deputies stayed in the Reichstag until the election took place in their constituency.


date: 1924-05-04
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_federal_election,_May_1924
data_source: wid
comment:
Main election on 4 May 1924, with repeat elections in Dittmannsdorf and Oppeln on 21 September 1924.


date: 1933-03-05
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_federal_election,_March_1933
data_source: wid
comment:
The last democratic election of the Weimar Republic took place with strong repression by the state and by paramilitary groups (Sturmabteilung, SA) against left parties (esp. KPD and SPD).


date: 2018-10-14
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxembourg_general_election,_2018
data_source: epl
comment:
The votes are not real votes, but fictional votes that transform the multi-vote system into a single-vote system via a calculation process.


date: 2019-05-26
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal
data_source: cne
comment:
LW: official source (cne) indicates vote share with regard to the total votes (not valid votes which is common) - so the vote share is lower which seems not to be correct


date: 2019-09-17
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_2019_Israeli_legislative_election
data_source: cec
comment:
There are some minor differences between the alliances in this election and the previous one this year.


date: 2019-10-21
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_Canadian_federal_election
data_source: ceoc
description: Parliament was dissolved after PM Justin Trudeau requested dissolution of parliament.
comment:
Official sources state that the turnout is 65.95%, while the calculated validated results show a higher turnout.


date: 2020-12-06
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Romanian_legislative_election
data_source: bec, parline
comment:
Votes cast calculated based on votes valid, null, blank votes (see BEC 2020, 13).
5901915 + 108887 + 46972 = 6057774


date: 2021-05-30
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Cypriot_legislative_election
data_source: cy-gov
comment:
56 of the 80 Members of the House of Representatives have been elected. 29 seats were needed for a majority according to Wikipedia.

Party names of the source do not match with party names in the dataset (due to an update in the Google Translate algorithm?)


date: 2021-09-20
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Canadian_federal_election
data_source: ceoc
description:
Early election on 20 September 2021 after PM Justin Trudeau requested the dissolution of parliament.


date: 2022-01-30
wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Portuguese_legislative_election
data_source: cne, parlamento-pt, parline
comment:
"The PPD/PSD ran alone in all constituencies, except in Madeira, where it ran with the CDS-PP, and in the Azores, where it ran with the CDS-PP and with the PPM, having received, alone and in coalition, a total of 1,618,381 votes (29.86%)" (parlamento-pt).


# party_change

date: 1985-11-13
comment:
Founded in November 1985 by orthodox pro-Soviet minority faction expelled from SKP in late 1985 (Jacobs 1989, 534).


date: 1968-07-01
comment:
"One of the two Popular Independent deputies joined the PCS and the rest of the party merged with the Democratic Party immediately before the 1968 election." Mackie/Rose 1991, 301


date: 1985-09-06
comment:
Founded by Konstantinos Stephanopoulos on September 6, 1985 after he left the New Democracy party in August 1985 (wikipedia)


data_source: jacobs
date: 1972-07-01
comment:
"(...) a group called Demokratiske Sosialister -- AIK) (the now autonomous successor to the Labour Movement Information Committee, which had worked against EC membership from within the Labour Party before finally leaving it) (...)" (Jacobs 1990, 597).


data_source: jacobs
date: 1923-11-04
comment:
"The Norwegian Communist Party (NKP) was founded in 1923 by members of the left wing of the Labour Party, when the latter finally broke with the Comintern" (Jacobs 1990, 599).


data_source: jacobs
date: 1951-07-01
comment:
"Conservative Liberal minority starting a Liberal League (Vapaamielisten Liitto)" (Jacobs 1989, 540).


data_source: knesset
date: 1967-03-29
comment:
Three MPs split from the Herut-Liberal Bloc (Gahal) on 29 March 1967 and formed the Free Center (MH).


date: 1977-07-01
comment:
Hideo Den, Yutaka Hara and Yanosuke Narazaki left JSP and formed Shakai Club. The Shakai Club formed the SDF in 1978.


data_source: elta
date: 2011-11-20
comment:
Artūras Zuokas, former member of the Liberal and Center Union (LiCS), founded the new party on 21 November 2011.


date: 1994-11-13
comment:
PSI was dissolved and its members joined various groups.
SI is not the primary PSI successor and is therefore coded as a new party.


date: 2010-10-22
comment:
Francescato, De Petris and Cento continued to support SL as Ecologists for Left Ecology Freedom and finally left the Greens.


data_source: knesset
date: 2006-01-26
description:
Change (Shinui) and The Movement (Hatnuah) competed in the 2006 election but none won more than 1.0% vote share.


data_source: knesset
date: 2012-12-12
description:
MK Talab El-Sana split off from Ra'am-Ta'al and re-established the Arab Democratic Party ("Mada") parliamentary group.


date: 2015-11-02
comment:
Formed as Initiatives from Osaka in October 2015 from a split in the old Japan Innovation Party (founded 2012).


date: 2020-10-27
comment:
In 2020 GERB suffered a split, as a sizable number of members and local party organizations left alongside former second-in-command Tsvetan Tsvetanov to form the Republicans for Bulgaria party.


# party_name_change

name_english: National Action against Foreign Domination
party_change: False
name_short: NA-AN
date: 1961-07-01
name:
Nationale Aktion gegen die Überfremdung von Volk und Heimat – Action Nationale contre l'Emprise et la Surpopulation Etrangere

name_ascii:
Nationale Aktion gegen die Ueberfremdung von Volk und Heimat -- Action Nationale contre l'Emprise et la Surpopulation Etrangere


name: Schweizerische Bauern-, Gewerbe- und Bürgerpartei – Parti Suisse des Paysans, Artisans et Bourgeois
name_english: Farmers, Traders and Citizens Party
party_change: False
name_short: BGB
date: 1936-12-23
name_ascii:
Schweizerische Bauern-, Gewerbe- und Buergerpartei -- Parti Suisse des Paysans, Artisans et Bourgeois


name_english: Spirit -- Social, Progressive, International, Regionalist, Democratic and Future-Oriented
name_short: Spirit
date: 2001-11-11
name:
Spirit – Sociaal Progressief Internationaal Regionalistisch Integraal-democratisch en Toekomstgericht

name_ascii:
Spirit -- Sociaal Progressief Internationaal Regionalistisch Integraal-democratisch en Toekomstgericht


name: Die Linke / PDS
name_english: The Left / PDS
name_short: Li/PDS
name_ascii: Die Linke / PDS
date: 2005-07-17
description:
Party was renamed into The Left Party.PDS (Die Linkspartei.PDS), short form Die Linke (The Left), on 17 July 2005.


name: Sosyal Demokrat Halçi Parti
name_english: Social Democratic Populist Party
name_short: SHP
name_ascii: Sosyal Demokrat Halci Parti
date: 1985-11-03
description:
Populist Party (HP) and Social Democracy Party (Sosyal Demokrasi Partisi, SDP) merged on 3 November 1985.


name: Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi
name_english: Republican Peoples Party
name_short: CHP
name_ascii: Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi
date: 1995-02-18
description:
Republican Peoples Party (CHP) reformed on 9 September 1992 as a splinter from the Social Democrat Populist Party (SHP). The two parties merged on 18 February 1995.


data_source: knesset
name: Tnu'a Demokratit
name_english: Democratic Movement
name_short: TD
name_ascii: Tnu'a Demokratit
date: 1978-09-14
name_nonlatin: תנועה דמוקרטית‎
comment:
The Democratic Movement for Change split:
Democratic Movement (Shafik Asaad, Mordechai Elgrably, Shlomo Eliahu, Benjamin Halevi, Akiva Nof, Shmuel Tamir, and Yigael Yadin) [Knesset]


name: Národní socialisté – levice 21. století
name_english: National Socialists -- 21st Century Left
name_short: LEV21
name_ascii: Narodni socialiste -- levice 21. stoleti
date: 2011-11-26
description:
Party was announced by former CSSD PM Jiří Paroubek on 8 October 2011 and merged with Czech National Social Party (CSNS) on 26 November. 


data_source: hoe-99
name: Verband der Unabhängigen
name_english: Federation of Independents
name_short: VdU
name_ascii: Verband der Unabhaengigen
date: 1949-03-26
description:
Federation of Independents (VdU) was formed on 26 March 1949.
It disbanded after losing several regional election in 1954, was dissolved on 8 April 1956 and became part of the newly formed Freedom Party of Austria (FPO) (Höbelt 1999). 


name: Union des républicains d'action sociale
name_english: Union of republican social action
name_short: URAS
name_ascii: Union des republicains d'action sociale
date: 1952-03-06
comment:
Name of remaining parliamentary group after formation of Republican and Social Action (ARS) following confidence vote on 6 March 1952.


data_source: pc
name: Noi con l'Italia-Unione di Centro
name_english: Us with Italy-Union of the Centre
name_short: NcI-UDC
name_ascii: Noi con l'Italia-Unione di Centro
date: 2017-12-19
comment:
Dear Holger,



Good to hearing from you. Please find my comments below:



- Civic Choice (SC) and Movement for Autonomies (MPA) did not participate to the election.



- Does the star associated with NcI mean that NcI is a coalition of SC and MPA (I am not sure my interpretation of the symbols associated with NcI)? In any case, NcI was not a coalition including SC and MPA. Actually, NcI was a list whose exact name was NcI-UDC. This combined UDC (http://www.parlgov.org/explore/ita/party/226/) and a new party called NcI.



- The electoral alliance known as "Civica Popolare Lorenzin" included not only IdV (Italy of Values), but also another party that is present in ParlGov dataset: New Centre-Right (NCD) http://www.parlgov.org/explore/ita/party/2268/ 



- The only elected deputy belonging to the CD (Democratic Centre) was elected under the +Europa (Italian Radicals in your table) list.



- Electoral Alliance called Potere Al Popolo (Power to the People): I would say that this was really a new party list (although including PRC and other extreme left parties). The classification choice obviously depends on which is the standard way of classifying these situations in ParlGov.



- PCI: I wuld again say that does not exactly correspond to the old PdCI. As far as I know, PdCI dissolved in 2016 and formed the PCI together with some PRC members and other extreme left politicians. Again, it is a matter on ParlGov classification criteria and how much you prefer continuity over discontinuity.





Hope this can help.



Best,

Andrea


comment: Smaller parties taking part of the movement are not yet included in ParlGov.
name: Unione Popolare
name_english: Popular Union
name_short: PU
name_ascii: Unione Populare
date: 2022-07-09
description:
The Popular Union is a movement formed in July 2022 and includes DeMa, Manifesta, Potere al Populo as well as several independent people. 


# politician_president

start_date: 1969-07-01
end_date: 1974-06-30
person_id_source: Gustav Heinemann
data_source: nyt
description:
President Heinemann was elected (yes: 512, no: 506, abstain: 3) on 5 March 1969 with votes from the Social Democrats (SPD) and Free Democrats (FDP).


start_date: 2015-02-03
end_date: 2022-01-29
person_id_source: Sergio Mattarella
data_source: reuters
comment:
Mattarella was one of the founders of the Democratic Party (PD) in 2007 and was officially endorsed by the party.


